Technical Architecture

How I Design Systems

These diagrams show how the systems I build are actually structured. From field data collection in Nairobi's settlements to payment processing and World Bank reporting — this is the architecture behind the numbers.

System Overview

The bird's-eye view. Data flows from the PWA frontend through API routes into a 76-table PostgreSQL database with PostGIS, with separate pathways for payment processing, government reporting, and field data ingestion from ODK Central.

Field Data Collection Pipeline

How building footprints, survey responses, and 360-degree imagery move from field devices through my validation pipeline and into the central database. Invalid records get flagged by the AI Guardian system and routed back for correction before they reach stakeholder dashboards.

Payment Processing Flow

The stipend and payment pipeline. Field agents submit work reports, which are validated against task completion data. Payments route through either M-Pesa (for KES stipends) or the Lightning Network (for Bitcoin-based programmes), with all transactions recorded to an auditable ledger.

Technology Stack

The tools and frameworks I use in production every day, grouped by layer. Nothing here is aspirational — each one is backed by real project work.

Frontend

The client-facing layer, built for performance and offline resilience.

Next.js 16React 19TypeScriptTailwind CSS v4MotionMapLibre GL JSRecharts v3

Backend

Server-side logic handling API routing, authentication, and business rules.

Next.js Route HandlersNode.jsExpressPythonREST APIsWebSockets

Data

Geospatial-aware storage and survey data management.

PostgreSQL 17PostGIS 3.5RedisODK CentralGeoJSONVector Tiles

Infrastructure

Deployment, containerization, and continuous delivery pipeline.

Government ServerDockerNginxLinux / UbuntuGitHub Actions CI/CDLet's Encrypt TLS

Security

Access control, encryption, and data protection compliance.

RBAC / MFAVAPID PushHSM Key MgmtDPA ComplianceData Anonymization

Tools

GIS editors, survey platforms, and developer tooling used across projects.

GitQGISJOSMKoboToolboxMermaid.jsLighthouse CI